chapter 14 : Programming and Language
hi everyone... do you think program and programming is the same????
Programming and program is different...
The difference between a program and programming is programming is an actual activity of writing computer code in any of the various computer languages available, the end result of which is a program. The program can then be ran by the computer and perform the task the programmer told it to do.
PROGRAMMING
There are six steps:
1. Program specification (Program analysis)
- Program objective - the problem you want to solve
- Desired output - list what you want to get out of computer system
- Input data - can determine the input data and the source of this data
- Processing requirements - use the input to produce output
- Document program specification - final task is to create a specifications document to record
2. Program design
- Top down program design – identify the programs processing steps
- Pseudocode - summary of the program before it is written
- Flowcharts - present detail sequence of steps needed to solving a programming problems
- Logic structures – have 3 logic structures a)Sequence structures - one program statement follow another b)Selection structure - occurs when a decision made c) Loop structure - a process that may be repeated as long as condition remain true
3. Program code
- Good programs – reliable ,detect obvious and common errors and well documented
- Coding - the different programming language ~ formatting language instruct a computer how to display information for the user. As for instance HTML ~ programming languages instruct a computer to perform specific operation. C++ is a widely use programming language
4. Program test
- Syntax errors – violation of the rules of the programming language
- Logic errors – occurs when the programmer uses an incorrect calculations or leave out programming procedure.
- Testing process - there are 5 methods a) Desk checking- programmer sitting at a desk checks a printout of the program
5. Program documentation
- User , who need know how to use the program
- Operator , who need to know how to execute the program and how to recognize and correct errors
- Programmers , who may need to update and maintain the program in the future
6. Program maintenance
- Operations - to correct operation error and improve the program
- Changing needs – change over time and their programs must change with them
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Programming language is an artificial language used to write instructions that can be translated into machine language and then executed by a computer. It creates programs that control the behavior of a machine.
the different between
1) DO...UNTIL (an example of DO...UNTIL language)
2) DO...WHILE (an example of DO...WHILE programming language)
DO...WHILE statement has a quite similar functionality to the normal while-statement.
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